Tag Archives: #HealthcareSolution

What’s Next for Medical Writing? Top Trends Shaping the Industry

Medical Writing,

Our recent poll revealed that Artificial intelligence (AI) integration is anticipated to have the most significant impact on the future of medical writing. With a rapidly evolving healthcare industry, medical writers are expected to adapt to a dynamic environment shaped by technological advancements, patient-centered approaches, and globalization. This article delves into the trends that will shape medical writing in the coming years and what they mean for professionals in the field.

  1. AI Integration: Shaping the Future of Medical Writing

The poll results indicate that a significant 60% of respondents believe AI integration will play a pivotal role in medical writing. This trend is expected given the growing impact AI is already having on the field. From automating literature searches to drafting clinical study reports, AI is improving efficiency, accuracy, and productivity.

Key Contributions of AI to Medical Writing

  • Automated Content Generation: AI-powered tools like ChatGPT can draft sections of manuscripts, abstracts, and summaries. This reduces the time required for first drafts, enabling writers to focus on refining content and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.
  • Data Analysis and Interpretation: Tools equipped with natural language processing (NLP) can extract and analyze data from clinical trials, research papers, and regulatory documents. AI simplifies complex data sets, helping writers present findings clearly and concisely.
  • Grammar Check and Translation: AI tools are increasingly being used for grammar and style checks, ensuring documents adhere to linguistic and stylistic standards. Additionally, advanced translation technologies enable seamless multilingual content creation, breaking language barriers, and facilitating global communication.

AI’s role in medical writing extends beyond automation. It enables predictive analytics and personalized content creation, offering tailored solutions for diverse audiences, including healthcare professionals, regulatory bodies, and patients.

Challenges and Opportunities

While AI offers immense benefits, it also raises concerns about data security, ethical considerations, and the potential loss of human oversight in sensitive medical communications. However, these challenges present opportunities for medical writers to upskill and collaborate with AI, enhancing their roles as content strategists and quality controllers.

  1. Evidence-based Writing: The Foundation of Credible Communication

Coming in as the second most influential trend, with 19% of the votes, evidence-based writing underscores the importance of accuracy and scientific rigor in medical communication. As healthcare decisions increasingly rely on data-driven insights, medical writers must ensure their content is rooted in robust evidence.

The Role of Evidence-based Writing

Transparency and Accountability: Evidence-based writing involves citing credible sources, ensuring transparency, and providing a clear trail of evidence supporting medical claims. This is crucial in regulatory documents, clinical trial reports, and healthcare guidelines.

Strengthening Healthcare Decisions: By presenting data from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials, medical writers help healthcare professionals make informed decisions. This approach supports the development of effective treatments and interventions.

Adapting to New Data Standards

The demand for evidence-based writing is expected to grow as data-sharing initiatives and open-access publishing increase. Medical writers must stay updated on evolving guidelines and best practices for integrating and presenting evidence in various formats.

  1. Patient Centricity: Putting Patients at the Center of Communication

With 17% of respondents highlighting patient-centricity as a key trend, it’s clear that the focus on patients is becoming more central in medical writing. This shift reflects a broader movement in healthcare toward empowering patients and ensuring they are active participants in their care journey.

What is Patient-centric Medical Writing?

Patient-centric medical writing involves tailoring content to meet the needs of patients, ensuring information is accessible, understandable, and relevant. This includes:

  • Simplifying Medical Jargon: Translating complex medical terminology into lay language, so patients can understand their diagnoses, treatments, and clinical trial participation.
  • Focusing on Patient Experiences: Including patient-reported outcomes and experiences in clinical trial reports and other medical documents.
  • Developing Patient Education Materials: Creating leaflets, brochures, and digital content that inform and empower patients.

The Rise of Plain Language Summaries (PLSs)

One of the most notable developments in patient-centric medical writing is the increasing use of PLS. These summaries provide a clear and concise overview of complex medical research, making it accessible to non-specialist audiences. As regulatory bodies like the European Medicines Agency (EMA) emphasize the importance of PLS, medical writers are expected to play a pivotal role in their development.

  1. Multilingual Content: Breaking Language Barriers

Though only 4% of respondents identified multilingual content as a top trend, its importance cannot be overstated. As healthcare becomes more globalized, the ability to communicate effectively across different languages and cultures is critical.

Why Multilingual Content Matters

  • Global Clinical Trials: With clinical trials conducted across multiple countries, medical writers must produce documents that cater to diverse regulatory requirements and linguistic needs.
  • Health Campaigns and Education: Multilingual content ensures that vital health information reaches diverse populations, promoting inclusivity and equity in healthcare.
  • Regulatory Submissions: In regions like the European Union, regulatory submissions often require documentation in multiple languages.

Tools and Techniques for Multilingual Medical Writing

Advancements in translation technologies, including AI-driven tools, are making multilingual medical writing more efficient. However, human oversight remains crucial to ensure cultural nuances and context are accurately conveyed.

How AI Can Support Every Trend

AI plays a pivotal role in each of these emerging trends. In evidence-based writing, AI tools can swiftly analyze vast amounts of clinical data, enabling writers to identify and cite the most relevant evidence. For patient-centricity, AI can personalize content by analyzing patient feedback and tailoring educational materials to specific needs. In the realm of multilingual content, AI-driven translation tools ensure timely and accurate communication across languages, fostering inclusivity. AI is not only a driving force in its dedicated trend but also a supportive tool that enhances the effectiveness of every other emerging aspect of medical writing.

Implications for Medical Writers

The trends identified in our poll reflect a dynamic and rapidly evolving field. To stay ahead, medical writers must adapt and expand their skill sets:

  • Technical Proficiency: Familiarity with AI tools and data analysis software will be essential as automation becomes more prevalent.
  • Continuous Learning: Keeping up-to-date with evolving guidelines, best practices, and new trends like patient-centric and evidence-based writing.
  • Cultural Competence: Understanding and respecting cultural differences will enhance the effectiveness of multilingual content.
  • Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Working closely with healthcare professionals, regulatory bodies, and patient advocacy groups to create impactful medical communications.

The Road Ahead

As we look to the future, it’s clear that medical writing will play an even more critical role in shaping healthcare communication. The integration of AI, the emphasis on evidence-based and patient-centric approaches, and the need for multilingual content will redefine the profession, offering both challenges and opportunities.

At Turacoz, we are committed to embracing these trends and equipping our team with the skills and tools to lead in this evolving field. Whether it’s leveraging AI for efficiency, adopting evidence-based methodologies, or focusing on patient-first communication, we are ready to meet the challenges of the future head-on.

For more information, reach out to us at [email protected]

Turning Research Data into Publishable Manuscripts

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Scientific advancement in academia depends greatly on research, but its true value lies in publishing and sharing findings with the broader scientific community. Transforming raw data into a refined, publishable manuscript can be challenging and requires significant focus and effort. This blog provides a comprehensive roadmap to assist researchers in effectively transforming their research findings into manuscripts ready for publication.

Recognizing the Significance of Your Data

Before beginning the writing process, researchers should reflect on their findings and consider the following questions:

  •  What novel insights does the study provide? This helps identify the critical findings that distinguish the research from the existing literature.
  • How does it advance the research area? This question highlights how the study’s findings contribute to advancing current practices, knowledge, and understanding in the respective field.
  • How does it address existing knowledge gaps? This helps determine to what extent the study addresses previously unresolved questions in the research area.

Knowing the answers to these questions helps organize the manuscript efficiently, highlight its significance, and ensure its relevance to the field.

Read More: AI-Driven Insights: Discovering New Research Opportunities in Medical Science

Selecting a Journal and Target Audience

Choosing the right journal and determining the target audience are crucial steps in manuscript preparation. The journal selection can impact the manuscript’s focus, length, and style. Key factors to consider when selecting a journal include:

  • Impact Factor: Journals with higher impact factors often have more stringent submission requirements.
  • Journal Scope: The research should align with the journal’s focus. For example, choosing a specialized journal for research in a particular therapeutic area.

Understanding a journal’s guidelines can reduce the likelihood of rejection and save time during the submission process.

Addressing Ethical Considerations

It is critical to follow ethical standards when writing an acceptable manuscript. This involves getting the required approvals to conduct the study, securing informed consent from participants, and ensuring data privacy requirements are upheld.

Common Challenges in Manuscript Preparation

Recognizing potential challenges can significantly improve the manuscript preparation process. Some common challenges include:

  • Time Constraints: Balancing ongoing research with personal commitments can limit the time for manuscript writing.
  • Data Organization: Presenting complex data effectively requires careful organization and a strategic approach.
  • Statistical Analysis: Conducting and presenting statistical analyses accurately can be difficult, especially for those without a strong statistical background.
  • Formatting Requirements: Different journals have specific formatting and submission guidelines that can be tricky to navigate.
  • Peer Review Process: The peer review process can feel daunting, as constructive feedback often necessitates significant revisions.
  • Writing Skills: Difficulty in clearly conveying ideas can affect the overall quality of the manuscript.
  • Ethical Considerations: Ensuring compliance with ethical standards, including proper citation practices, is crucial but challenging.
  • Collaboration: Coordinating with co-authors and aligning different writing styles can make it difficult to create a cohesive manuscript.

Identifying these challenges early can help researchers streamline the manuscript preparation process and improve their chances of successful publication.

Organizing the Data

Effective organization of the raw research data is a critical aspect of manuscript preparation. Careful organization of the data before starting the writing ensures clarity and coherence. This can be achieved by:

  • Analyzing findings and identifying key points.
  • Grouping similar findings with a clear rationale.
  • Creating a logical flow to present the data.
  • Using visual aids to enhance clarity.
  • Avoiding overloading the manuscript with unnecessary visuals.

Crafting a Compelling Title and Abstract

The title and abstract are critical elements that are often the first things noticed by potential readers and journal editors. A clear, concise title, combined with a well-crafted abstract, can significantly influence the readability and appeal of the full paper. The abstract should:

  • Clearly define the research problem.
  • Briefly describe the methods and key findings.
  • Highlight the significance of the work.

Structuring the Manuscript

Most scientific manuscripts follow the Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion (IMRaD) format. This structure ensures logical organization and makes the paper easy for readers to follow.

  • Introduction: Provides context by summarizing the research background, stating the research question, and outlining the study objectives.
  • Methods: Details the study design, including experimental procedures and statistical analyses, ensuring transparency.
  • Results: Presents the findings in an organized manner, supported by visuals.
  • Discussion: Interprets the findings, compares them with existing research, and discusses limitations and future directions.

Writing Clearly and Precisely

Clear writing is essential for effective research communication. This involves:

  • Avoiding jargon and unnecessary abbreviations.
  • Being concise and eliminating redundancy.
  • Using active voice to enhance readability.

For those who find this challenging, seeking feedback from colleagues or considering professional editing can be beneficial.

Citing Appropriately

Accurate referencing adds credibility to the work. This can be accomplished by:

  • Using current and relevant references.
  • Following the specific citation style required by the target journal.
  • Focusing on key studies directly related to the research, while avoiding over-citation.

Revising and Editing

It is beneficial to revise the draft once it has been completed. Involving colleagues in this process can provide valuable insights and perspectives. This process ensures:

  • Refining the clarity and coherence of the manuscript.
  • Eliminating unnecessary details or redundancies.
  • Double-checking data and citations for accuracy.

Submitting and Navigating the Review Process

After submission, preparing for the peer review process is essential. Reviewers will assess the strengths and weaknesses of the paper and provide feedback. Answering the feedback involves the following:

  • Responding clearly to each point raised in the requested revisions.
  • Resubmitting the manuscript with all corrections and justifications.

Rejection is a normal part of the academic publication process. Learning from feedback can improve the manuscript for future submissions.

Final Thoughts

Turning research data into a publishable manuscript requires time, effort, and patience. Using appropriate and methodical approaches can make the process more manageable. It is important to remember that every step, from selecting the right journal to refining the writing, helps researchers make valuable contributions to their field.

Want to Simplify Your Publication Process?

Despite the challenges of transforming raw research into a well-structured manuscript, the entire journey — from data analysis to manuscript submission — can be streamlined. Partnering with Turacoz ensures a professional, efficient, and successful publication process. Our experience and expertise in scientific publications can significantly ease the workload and elevate the impact of research. Whether you need assistance with writing, editing, submission, or promotion, the Turacoz team offers tailored solutions to meet your needs. Please contact us at [email protected] to elevate your publication experience.

AI-Driven Insights: Discovering New Research Opportunities in Medical Science

HR, Medical Devices, Medical Writing, ,

In the evolving medical research field, identifying unexplored areas and novel opportunities is crucial for advancing scientific knowledge and improving patient outcomes. Effective, traditional methods of literature review and gap analysis can often be time-consuming and prone to human error. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) – a transformative technology- plays a key role in revolutionizing how researchers identify gaps in the literature and uncover new avenues for investigation. This blog explores the role of AI in medical research, specifically how it can analyze existing literature to identify research gaps and suggest new opportunities.

Role of AI in Medical Research

Artificial intelligence, with its capacity to process vast amounts of data quickly and accurately, offers a powerful tool for researchers. AI technologies, such as machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP), can scan and analyze thousands of research papers, clinical trials, and medical records, providing insights that would be impossible to achieve manually.

One of the primary applications of AI in medical research is in literature mining. Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) and meta-analyses, in particular, are critical for synthesizing existing knowledge. However, conducting an SLR manually can take several months to over a year, requiring researchers to sift through thousands of articles to identify relevant studies. This laborious process often involves multiple rounds of selection and data extraction. With AI tools like Covidence, Rayyan, Easy SLR, and Robot Reviewer, this timeline can be drastically reduced, as AI automates the initial stages of searching, screening, and extracting data from large datasets, making the process more efficient.

Moreover, AI can assist in meta-analyses by automating the extraction of relevant data from studies, calculating effect sizes, and synthesizing findings. This automation not only accelerates the research process but also enhances the accuracy and reproducibility of the results.

AI in Identifying Research Gaps

The identification of research gaps is a critical step in the scientific process. A research gap represents an area within a field where little or no information is available, indicating a need for further study. Traditionally, identifying these gaps required extensive literature review, expert consultation, and a deep understanding of the field. However, AI offers a more efficient and systematic approach.

  1. Automated Literature Review

AI-powered tools can perform comprehensive literature reviews in a fraction of the time it would take a human researcher. By scanning thousands of publications, AI can identify under-researched areas, highlight inconsistencies in findings, and pinpoint topics that have not been adequately explored. For example, AI algorithms can map the frequency and distribution of certain keywords or concepts across publications, revealing topics that are either overrepresented or underrepresented in the literature.

While AI can efficiently analyze vast amounts of data, it is essential to maintain a human-in-the-loop approach. Human researchers are crucial in ensuring the correctness and relevance of the AI-generated insights. AI may identify a potential gap based on patterns in the data, but human expertise is necessary to evaluate whether the gap is genuinely significant and to provide the necessary clinical or scientific context. A human in the loop ensures that biases, misinterpretations, or irrelevant results are filtered out, improving the overall accuracy and validity of the findings.

  1. Trend Analysis

AI can track trends in research by analyzing the publication dates, authorship patterns, and citation networks of scientific papers. This analysis can reveal emerging areas of interest, shifts in research focus, and the lifecycle of topics. By understanding these trends, researchers can identify when a field is reaching saturation and where new questions are beginning to emerge.

  1. Sentiment Analysis

NLP techniques enable AI to perform sentiment analysis on research articles, identifying the tone and sentiment expressed in the literature. By analyzing the positive, negative, or neutral language used in studies, AI can detect areas of controversy, skepticism, or confidence within a field. This information can guide researchers toward topics that require further investigation or areas where there is a lack of consensus.

  1. Predictive Analytics

AI’s predictive capabilities can forecast future research trends based on historical data. By analyzing past and present research outputs, AI can predict which areas are likely to gain attention in the future and where potential research gaps may arise. This foresight allows researchers to position themselves at the forefront of emerging fields, contributing to innovative studies that address anticipated knowledge gaps.

AI in Suggesting New Research Opportunities

Beyond identifying existing research gaps, AI has the potential to suggest new research opportunities. By integrating data from multiple sources, AI can uncover connections and correlations that may not be immediately apparent, leading to the generation of novel hypotheses and research questions.

  1. Cross-Disciplinary Research

AI can facilitate cross-disciplinary research by identifying intersections between different fields of study. For example, by analyzing literature from both oncology and immunology, AI might identify a potential link between cancer treatment and immune response that has not been fully explored. These cross-disciplinary insights can lead to innovative research that bridges gaps between traditionally separate fields.

Read More: Predictive Analytics in Medical Research: The Role of AI

  1. Data-Driven Hypotheses

AI’s ability to analyze large datasets enables the generation of data-driven hypotheses. By examining patterns and correlations within clinical data, patient records, and genetic information, AI can suggest new avenues for research that are grounded in empirical evidence. These hypotheses can then be tested in clinical trials or experimental studies, potentially leading to breakthroughs in medical science.

  1. Real-World Data Integration

AI can integrate real-world data, such as electronic health records (EHRs), wearable device data, and social media activity, into the research process. By analyzing this data, AI can identify patterns and trends that may not be visible in traditional clinical studies. This real-world evidence can highlight gaps in current medical knowledge and suggest new research opportunities that are more aligned with the needs and experiences of patients.

Challenges and Considerations

While AI offers significant advantages in identifying research gaps and opportunities, it is not without its challenges. The quality of AI-driven insights depends on the quality of the data it analyzes. Incomplete or biased datasets can lead to incorrect conclusions and missed opportunities. Therefore, it is crucial for researchers to ensure that the data fed into AI algorithms is comprehensive, diverse, and representative of the broader population.

AI algorithms may generate insights based on patterns in the data, but these insights require human interpretation and validation. Human researchers bring critical thinking, domain expertise, and the ability to assess the broader scientific context that AI lacks. Additionally, AI systems may sometimes generate false positives or overlook subtle nuances that are crucial in the interpretation of research gaps and opportunities.

Monitoring AI systems and ensuring proper checks and balances are in place is vital for the integrity of the research process. AI can suggest promising avenues of research, but human researchers must critically evaluate and refine these suggestions to ensure that they align with scientific goals and ethical standards.

AI is transforming the way researchers identify gaps in the medical literature and uncover new opportunities for investigation. By automating literature reviews, analyzing trends, and generating data-driven hypotheses, AI enables researchers to focus on the most promising areas of study and contribute to the advancement of medical science. However, the successful integration of AI into the research process requires careful consideration of data quality and a collaborative approach that leverages the strengths of both AI and human expertise.

As AI continues to evolve, its role in medical research will likely expand, offering even more sophisticated tools for identifying research gaps and suggesting new opportunities. For researchers and medical communication professionals, embracing AI’s potential is key to staying at the forefront of scientific discovery and innovation.

The Importance of Indexing in Academic Journals

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In the rapidly evolving academic publishing world, journal indexing plays a pivotal role in determining the visibility, accessibility, and credibility of research. Whether you are a seasoned researcher or a novice in the field, understanding the importance of journal indexing is crucial for navigating the publication landscape effectively. This blog explores the significance of journal indexing, the process through which journals are indexed, and the implications of indexing for the visibility and credibility of research.

What is Journal Indexing?

Journal indexing refers to the inclusion of academic journals in a database or directory that categorizes and lists publications based on specific criteria. These databases serve as repositories of scholarly content, making it easier for researchers, academics, and professionals to discover relevant literature in their fields. Common indexing databases include PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

Indexing databases vary in scope and specialization. Some are broad and multidisciplinary, covering a wide range of academic fields, while others are more specialized, focusing on specific disciplines, such as medicine, engineering, or social sciences. The inclusion of a journal in these databases is often seen as a mark of quality and credibility, as indexed journals are subject to rigorous evaluation.

The Significance of Journal Indexing

  1. Enhanced Visibility and Discoverability: One of the primary benefits of journal indexing is its increased visibility of published research. When a journal is indexed in a reputable database, its content becomes more accessible to global audiences. Researchers can easily find articles through keyword searches, leading to a higher likelihood of citations. Increased visibility can have a cascading effect, contributing to the academic impact and recognition of the research.
  2. Credibility and Prestige: Indexing is often associated with credibility and prestige in the academic communities. Journals indexed in well-known databases generally adhere to high standards of quality, peer review, and editorial integrity. This recognition can enhance the reputation of both the journal and the authors who publish in it. Researchers are more likely to submit their work to indexed journals, if they know that they will be taken seriously by peers and evaluators.
  3. Access to a Wider Audience: Indexed journals often have a broader reach, attracting readers from diverse academic backgrounds and institutions. This can lead to more collaborations, discussions, and advancements in the field. Publishing in an indexed journal means that their work is more likely to be read and cited by others, thus contributing to the overall growth of knowledge within their discipline.
  4. Improved Citation Rates: Articles published in indexed journals tend to have higher citation rates than those in non-indexed journals. This is partly due to the ease with which these articles can be found and accessed in databases used by researchers worldwide. Citations are a key metric for assessing the impact and influence of a researcher’s work, making indexing an important factor for academic success.
  5. Compliance with Institutional and Funder Requirements: Many academic institutions and funding agencies require researchers to publish in indexed journals for career advancement, grant approval, or research funding. Indexing serves as a form of validation, ensuring that the research meets the established standards of quality and rigor. Researchers can fulfil these requirements and enhance their professional credentials by publishing in indexed journals.

How Do Journals Get Indexed?

The process of getting a journal indexed is rigorous and involves several steps. Indexing databases have specific criteria that journals must meet for inclusion. While these criteria may vary depending on the database, some common factors include the following:

  1. Peer Review Process: One of the most critical aspects of journal indexing is the resilient peer review process. Indexing databases prioritize journals that demonstrate a commitment to thorough, unbiased, and transparent peer review, ensuring the quality and reliability of published research.
  2. Editorial Quality: The overall quality of the editorial process, including the qualifications and expertise of the editorial board, plays a significant role in determining whether a journal is indexed. Journals with reputable editors, who are experts in their fields, are more likely to be indexed.
  3. Publication Ethics: Adherence to ethical publishing practices is essential for indexing. Journals must demonstrate a commitment to ethical standards, including conflicts of interest policies, proper attribution of authorship, and transparency in the publication process. Journals that engage in unethical practices, such as predatory publishing, are unlikely to be indexed.
  4. Timeliness and Regularity: Indexing databases prefer journals that publish regularly and on time. Consistency in publication frequency and the timely release of issues are important indicators of a journal’s reliability and professionalism.
  5. Originality and Relevance: The content published in a journal must be original, relevant, and contribute to the advancement of the field. Indexing databases assess the significance and impact of the research published in the journal as well as their relevance to the academic community.
  6. International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): An ISSN is a basic indexing requirement. The ISSN serves as a unique identifier for the journal, helping databases categorize and track it accurately.
  7. Citations and Impact Factor: Some indexing databases consider a journal’s citation metrics, such as its impact factor, when making indexing decisions. Journals with higher citation rates and impact factors are more likely to be indexed as they demonstrate the journal’s influence and importance in its field.

Read More: The Future of Academic Publishing: Trends and Predictions

The Impact of Indexing on Research Visibility and Credibility

Journal indexing has a direct impact on research visibility and credibility. When a journal is indexed, it gains a wider audience and becomes more accessible to researchers worldwide. This increased visibility can lead to higher citation rates, thereby enhancing the academic impact of research.

Moreover, indexing serves as a mark of quality and reliability, signalling to the academic community that the journal adheres to high standards of peer review, editorial integrity, and ethical publishing practices. Consequently, research published in indexed journals is often viewed as more credible and trustworthy.

Publishing in indexed journals can significantly boost their professional reputation and career prospects. Indexed publications are often considered more prestigious and given greater weight in academic evaluations, tenure decisions, and funding applications.

In the competitive landscape of academic publishing, journal indexing plays a crucial role in determining the visibility, accessibility, and credibility of research. By understanding the significance of indexing and the process by which journals are indexed, researchers can make informed decisions about where to publish their work.

At Turacoz, we understand the importance of targeting the right journals for research purposes. We employ indexing databases to identify the most suitable journals for your work, ensuring that research reaches the widest possible audience and achieves the recognition it deserves. Whether you are looking to publish in a highly specialized journal or a multidisciplinary platform, our expert medical writers help in journal selection and navigate the complexities of academic publishing with confidence. For more information, visit www.turacoz.com to discover how proper journal indexing can enhance your research visibility and impact.

Ramadan Fasting and Diabetes Management

Health & Fitness, ,

Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims in which consumption of food and drinks, medications, and smoking is forbidden between dawn and dusk. During Ramadan, millions of Muslims fast during the daylight hours. People generally consume only two meals per day during this month, one after sunset (Iftar) and the other before dawn (Suhur). However, this can lead to metabolic changes in the body and can give rise to various health complications, especially in diabetic patients. Although any person who is ill or has some medical condition like diabetes can choose not to fast, it becomes a personal decision. In casediabetic patients choose to fast, they should consult their doctors before starting fasting during Ramadan.

Diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar levels in the body due to insulin deficiency or inability of the body to use insulin properly. Long fasting and fluid restriction during the day can lead to dehydration and fluctuations in sugar levels. These patients can experience any one of the following:

  • Hypoglycemia (lowering of blood sugar levels) due to long fasting hours leading to seizures and loss of consciousness
  • Hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar levels) due to increased food/sugar intake during Iftar and abstaining the use of antidiabetic medications
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis (a life-threatening situation) in patients having high blood glucose levels and taking reduced dosage of insulin during Ramadan
  • Dehydration leading to volume and electrolyte depletion and causing syncope, falls, and injuries

 

Managing Diabetes During Diabetes:

It is very important that patients with diabetes make a personal choice of fasting during Ramadan only after considering their health condition and proper consultation with their physicians. They should be aware of the associated risks and adhere to the doctors’ recommendations in order to have a safe fasting. Diabetic patients should monitor blood glucose levels regularly during Ramadan. If the blood glucose falls below 70 mg/dL, the fast needs to be ended. Checking blood glucose is very important and does not mean breaking the fast. Secondly, dosage of antidiabetic medications need to be modified during Ramadan. That doesn’t mean that a person has to stop taking his medications. Only the doses will be altered based on his sugar levels and current condition.

During Suhur, a diabetic patient should go for healthy breakfast including starchy carbohydrates and some proteins to slow down the digestion and maintaining the feeling of fullness. Breakfast can include: whole grain cereals, some lentils, and low-fat milk. During Iftar, one should drink plenty of fluids, but avoid caffeine and sugar containing beverages. One should not overeat during Iftar and have small meals. Fried food, sweets, and excessive sugar containing foodsshould be avoided.

With proper management plan and regular glucose monitoring, diabetic patients can experience a healthy living and maintain their religious beliefs during the month of Ramadan.

 

HAVE A HAPPY AND HEALTHY RAMADAN!

Turacoz aims to spread the awareness on various healthcare related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. Our medical writing team is well-versed with recent advances in various therapeutic areas. We provide support in publication writing, clinical research and regulatory writing, medical advisory board meetings and medical marketing services.

KNOW ABOUT ASTHMA AND ALLERGY!!!

Awareness Day/Month,

The month of May is declared as “National Asthma and Allergy Awareness Month” by Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. It is the perfect time to educate people about asthma, its causes, and the ways to lead a normal life with asthma.

Asthma is an episodic yetchronic respiratory disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing due to bronchospasm and inflammation of the airways. It is the most common chronic disease among children. More than 100 million people worldwide are believed to from asthma, of which 15 to 20 millions are Indians. Asthma can influence the quality of life by causing missed school or working days, increased medical expenses, and poor work performance.

Asthma attacks can be mild, moderate, severe, or sometimes life threatening!!!!Shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, chest tightness, andpus-like sputum (in the recovery phase) are some of the symptoms of mild to moderate asthma. Labored and shallow breathing, bluish discoloration of the skin, and loss of consciousness may indicate life-threatening condition.

Allergy and asthma often occur together. Asthma occurring due to allergens is referred to as “allergic asthma”.

How Does Allergy Cause Asthma?

Exposure to allergens causes release of inflammatory cells such as mast cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils in the bronchi and bronchioles leading to inflammation and obstruction of the airways. This leads to increased contractibility of smooth muscles, that further results in narrowing of the airways.

Allergens Causing Asthma:

  • Pollens
  • Dust mites
  • Cockroaches
  • Animal dander
  • Mold
  • Exposure to indoor volatile organic compounds
  • Air pollution

How is Allergic Asthma Managed??

“Prevention is better than cure”, an age old saying holds good for asthma too. Asthma patients are advised to avoid exposure to known allergens and triggering factors. Though there is no cure for asthma till date, the symptoms can be improved by prompt medications. Bronchodilators are recommended for short-term relief, while low-dose inhalational corticosteroids or mast cell stabilizing drugs are recommended for long-term therapy.

Recent studies have revealed that oligonucleotide agents are found to decrease allergen-induced early and late asthmatic response. Infliximab, etanercept and golimumab are found to provide a short-term efficacy in patients with the severe disease.

Can an Asthmatic Patient Lead a Normal Life??

Asthmatic attacks may occur periodically, based on the exposure to triggering factors. However, a few changes in lifestyle can help an asthmatic lead a normal life. Here are a few:

  • Maintaining good physical and mental health
  • Regular intake of medications
  • Regular physician check-ups
  • Keeping distance from the known allergens
  • Avoiding the use of tobacco

Why is it Important to Raise Awareness About Allergy and Asthma?

According to a survey, 51-68% of the patients experiencing severe asthma and 30-61% of patients with moderate symptoms said that they suffer uncontrolled asthma. As most people may be unaware of the causes and triggering factors of asthma, educating people about allergy and asthma may yield a better treatment outcome.

What are the Various Methods to Spread Awareness About Allergy and Asthma in Public?

  • Conducting a questionnaire study about allergic asthma
  • Publishing the articles on allergy and asthma in social media
  • Organizing medical camps to reach rural population
  • Organizing awareness programs in educational institutes
  • Publishing articles in newspapers and arranging for correspondence
  • Organizing lectures about the disease
  • Organizing for a marathon, to create awareness, will help gain enormous public attention

Some Facts About Allergic Asthma

  •  People with food allergy, allergic rhinitis, hypersensitivity, familial history of asthma are at higher risk of developing asthma
  • Once an individual is sensitized to an allergen, a very minor exposure to the allergen may also precipitate the asthmatic attack
  • 50% of people with allergic rhinitis have asthma
  • Actopic eczema is probably the first sign that a future asthmatic patient develops as a child
  • Treating rhinitis may improve the symptoms of asthma, especially cough
  • In children, males are twice as susceptible to asthma than girls, while, after puberty, it is more common in females

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions is passionate to spread the awareness on such social or healthcare related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. CSR is at the very heart of everything we do at Turacoz. Our medical writing team is well-versed with recent advances in various therapeutic areas which give them a head start in various publication, clinical research and regulatory writing projects.

World Malaria Day : Understanding Malaria

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Malaria is a serious life-threatening parasitic disease caused by parasites known as Plasmodium vivax (P.vivax), Plasmodium falciparum (P.falciparum), Plasmodium malariae (P.malariae) and Plasmodium ovale (P.ovale). Its transmission takes place through the infective bite of Anopheles mosquito. Man develops this disease after 10–14 days of being bitten by an infective mosquito.

Every year April 25 is celebrated as “World Malaria Day” across the globe in an effort to provide effective control of the disease. This occasion also provides a common platform for the affected countries to share experiences, showcase technologies and collaborate in programs in the fight against malaria.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF MALARIA

Symptoms of malaria include fever and flu-like illness, including shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur. Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice (yellow coloring of the skin and eyes) because of the loss of red blood cells. Infection with one type of malaria, P. falciparum, if not promptly treated, may cause kidney failure, seizures, mental confusion, coma, and death.

POPULATION AT RISK

In 2015, approximately 3.2 billion people—nearly half of the world’s population—were at risk of malaria.

Maximum number of malaria cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. However, Asia, Latin America, and, to a lesser degree, the Middle East, are also at risk. In 2015, 97 countries and territories had ongoing malaria transmission.

DISEASE BURDEN

  • According to the latest WHO estimates, released in December 2015, there were 214 million cases of malaria in 2015 and 438,000 deaths.
  • Between 2000 and 2015, malaria incidence among populations at risk reduced by 37% globally; during the same period, malaria mortality rates among populations at risk registered a decline by 60%. An estimated 6.2 million malaria deaths have been averted globally since 2001.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa continues to contributethe highest share of the global malaria burden. In 2015, the region accounted for 88% of malaria cases and 90% of malaria deaths.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING MALARIA

  • Taking antimalarial drugs to kill the parasites
  • Eliminating places where mosquitoes breed
  • Spraying insecticides to kill adult mosquitoes that come inside
  • Sleeping under bed nets—especially effective if they have been treated with insecticide, e.g. insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) and
  • Wearing insect repellent and long-sleeved clothing if out of doors at night.

CURRENT SCENARIO OF MALARIA VACCINE

  • Effective malaria vaccine could helpeliminate and eradicate malaria; there are currently 63 vaccine candidates, 41in preclinical and clinical stages of development.
  • Vaccines are being designedto target pre-erythrocytic stages, erythrocytic stage or the sexual stages ofPlasmodium taken up by a feeding mosquito, or the multiple stages
  • Twovaccines in preclinical and clinical development target falciparum; and themost advanced candidate is the pre-erythrocytic vaccine RTS,S which is inphase-III clinical trials.
  • RTS,S/ASO1 is the first malaria vaccine to have completed pivotal Phase 3 testing and obtained a positive scientific opinion by a stringent medicines regulatory authority.
  • Collaborators of RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership showed that RTS,S/AS01 prevented a substantial number of cases of clinical malaria over a 3–4-year period in young infants and children when administered with or without a booster dose. Efficacy was enhanced by the administration of a booster dose in both age categories. Thus, the vaccine has the potential to make a substantial contribution to malaria control when used in combination with other effective control measures, especially in areas of high transmission.

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions is committed to spread the awareness on such social or healthcare related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. Our medical writing team is well versed with recent advances in various therapeutic areas which gives them a head start in various publication, clinical research and regulatory writing projects.

World Hemophilia Day

Awareness Day/Month

Let’s Join Hands to Fight Against Hemophilia

Hemophilia is one of the oldest known genetic bleeding disorder which is caused by deficiency of the genes responsible for synthesis of clotting factors. Clotting factors are special type of proteins required for blood clotting. If a person does not have enough clotting factor VIII, then the condition is known as “hemophilia A”, while deficiency of clotting factor IX is known as “hemophilia B”.

Misconception                Individuals with hemophilia bleed faster than normal people

    Fact                             Individuals with hemophilia bleed longer than normal people

 

The major symptoms of hemophilia are: prolonged bleeding, spontaneous bleeding, bleeding into joints and muscles, excessive bleeding following trauma or surgery, easy bruising, swelling, pain, and stiffness. Left untreated, it can lead to various life-threatening complications like deep internal bleedings, joint damage, and intracranial hemorrhage. However, there are various treatment options available for the disorder like replacement therapy with clotting factors, gene therapy and anti-fibrinolytic medicines. Unfortunately, a large population of hemophilic patients is unable to receive adequate treatment due to its high cost.

Although the incidence of hemophilia is low and is estimated to affect approximately 1 in 10,000 people, only 25 % of those living with hemophilia get proper care.

 

World Hemophilia Day (WHD) is, therefore, a day to consider those hemophilic patients who are unable to access the care and treatment they require to live a healthy life.

History: WHD was established in 1989 with the help of the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH). Since 1989, WHD is observed globally on April 17 in order to honor Frank Schnabel, the founder of WFH, whose birthday falls on the same date. Today, WHD has grown into a global event which is celebrated across 113 WFH member countries.

 

“Treatment for all is the vision of all” is the main goal of WHD.

The main aim of WHD is to increase public awareness, educate patients, attract volunteers, and advocate for improved treatment and care of hemophilia. This day provides an opportunity to talk to your family, friends, and colleagues to raise awareness and increase support for the patients living with hemophilia and other bleeding disorders.

A patient with hemophilia must be encouraged to think and act positively. Since hemophilia is a lifelong condition, requires expensive treatment, and affects patient’s family life, therefore, it is important that parents, spouses, and other family members of the patient should be educated in all aspects of the patient’s care. Besides, general information and education should also be given to the community where hemophilic patient lives.

Today, someone born with hemophilia can live a normal life if he/she has access to adequate treatment. Although access to adequate treatment is a big challenge but the WFH has a vision and is trying hard to provide treatment for all the people with hemophilia.

World Tuberculosis Day: Present Scenario and Future Prospects

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but can affect other sites as well (extra-pulmonary TB). The disease usually spreads through air, for example by coughing. Overall, a relatively small proportion (5–15%) of the people infected with M. tuberculosis will develop TB disease during their lifetime.

World TB Day is celebrated every year on March 24 to commemorate Dr. Robert Koch, who announced his discovery of M. tuberculosis, on the same date in the year 1882

Incidence:

  • There were an estimated 9.6 million incident cases of TB globally, equivalent to 133 cases per 100,000 populations in the year 2014.
  • India, Indonesia, and China had the largest number of cases: 23%, 10% and 10% of the total cases, respectively.
  • An estimated 480,000 people developed multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) globally in 2014.
  • The absolute number of incident cases has fallen over last few years; an average rate of reduction was 1.5% per year between 2000 and 2014, and 2.1% between the year 2013 and 2014. The cumulative reduction in the TB incidence rate from 2000 to 2014 was 18%.

Co-epidemics of TB and HIV

  • The probability of developing TB is much higher among people infected with human immune-deficiency virus (HIV).
  • Out of 9.6 million incident TB cases in 2014, there were approximately 1.1–1.3 million (11–13%) people living with HIV.
  • Almost three-quarters of these cases were noted in the African Region.

Mortality:

  • In the absence of treatment, the death rate of TB is very high.
  • There were an estimated 1.5 million TB deaths in 2014, including 0.4 million among people who were HIV-positive.

Treatment:

  • Effective drug molecules for TB were first developed in the 1940s. The most effective first-line anti-TB drug, rifampicin, became available in the 1960s.
  • The currently recommended treatment for new cases of drug-susceptible TB is a six-month regimen of four first-line drugs: isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.
  • MDR-TB, defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin (the two most powerful anti-TB drugs), requires more expensive and more toxic drugs such as kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine etc.
  • The duration of the current regimen recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for MDR-TB is 20 months; however, treatment success rate is much lower for most patients with MDR-TB.

 

In 2014, the cost per patient treated for drug-susceptible TB ranged from US$ 100−500 in most countries with a high burden of TB. The cost per patient treated for MDR-TB was typically US$ 5000−10,000.

Between 2000 and 2014, TB treatment alone saved an estimated 35 million lives among HIV-negative people. Among HIV-positive people, TB treatment supported by anti-retroviral therapy (ART) saved an additional 8.4 million lives.

Research Pipeline

  • WHO has issued an interim guidance on the use of bedaquiline (in 2013) and delamanid (in 2014), two new drugs that have recently been recommended for the treatment of MDR-TB under specific conditions.
  • Additionally, eight new or re-purposed anti-TB drugs are in advanced phases of clinical development; some new chemical entities are discussed below:
    • For the first time in six years, an anti-TB drug candidate (TBA-354) was in Phase I testing. However, on 11 March 2016, TB Alliance announced discontinuation of the clinical development program of TBA-354 based on its safety and pharmacokinetic data.
    • PA-824 (pretomanid), currently in Phase II, is a potential cornerstone of future TB and drug-resistant TB treatment regimens.
    • Sutezolid (PNU-100480) and SQ109 are under development for the treatment of both drug-resistant and sensitive tuberculosis, and are currently in early Phase II testing.
  • Recent observational studies of the effectiveness of short-term regimens for MDR-TB in Niger and Cameroon found that a 12-month regimen (instead of current 20 months) was effective and well-tolerated in patients not previously exposed to second-line drugs.
  • Currently, there are 15 vaccines in Phase I or Phase II trials. However, for the time being, a vaccine that is effective in preventing TB in adults remains elusive.

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions is committed to spread the awareness on such social or healthcare-related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. Our medical writing team is well-versed with recent advances in various therapeutic areas which gives them a head start in various publication, clinical research and regulatory writing projects.

Colorectal Cancer – Spreading Awareness

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Overview : Colorectal cancer is the abnormal growth of cells in the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine) that has the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Over 95% of colon cancers are adenocarcinomas and usually begin as polyp in the inner-lining of the colon or rectum.

Other names: Colon cancer, rectal cancer, or bowel cancer

Symptoms: The symptoms of colon cancer vary depending on the location of the tumor within the colon. Following are the symptoms of colon cancer:

  • Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool
  • Dark-colored stool
  • Change in bowel movements
  • Change in stool consistency
  • Constipation
  • Diarrhea
  • Narrow stools
  • Weight loss

Risk Factor: Although colon cancer is non-contagious, several environmental and inherent risk factors are responsible for the development of this cancer. Some common risk factors associated with colon cancer are:

  • Increasing age
  • Excessive alcohol use
  • Obesity
  • Being physically inactive
  • Cigarette smoking
  • History of inflammatory bowel disease
  • Geneticmutations
  • Colorectalpolyps
  • Family history of colorectal cancer

 

Diagnostic tests and Examination:

  • High-sensitivityfecal occult blood test (FOBT) : It checks for hidden (occult) blood in the stool (feces). The test does not directly detect colon cancer, but is often used in clinical screening for the cancer. FDA approved two types of FOBT: Guaiac (GFOBT) and Immunohistochemical (IFOBT) to detect heme. Studies have shown that early detection using GFOBT can reduce the number of deaths due to colorectal cancer by 15 to 33%.
  • Sigmoidoscopy : Sigmoidoscopy is a procedure performed using a shorter flexible scope to examine just the sigmoid colon and rectum. Polyp removal and cancer biopsy can be performed through the sigmoidoscope. Studies have shown that people who have regular screening with sigmoidoscopy after age 50 years have a 60 to 70% lower risk of death due to cancer of the rectum.
  • Colonoscopy : Colonoscope, a flexible lighted tube with a lens for viewing and a tool for removing tissue is used to examine the rectum and entire colon. Colonoscopy is generally considered to be more accurate than barium enema X-rays, especially in detecting small polyps. If colon polyps are found, they are removed through the colonoscope and sent to the pathologist. Studies suggest colonoscopy reduces deaths from colorectal cancer by about 60 to 70%.
  • Barium enema X-ray : When colon cancer is suspected, lower gastrointestinal (GI) series (barium enema X-ray) is performed to confirm the diagnosis and locate the tumor. The barium outlines the large intestines on the X-rays. Tumors and other abnormalities appear as dark shadows on the X-rays.
  • Advanced stool DNA technique/Cologuard ®   : This test is an advanced stool DNA technique that detects altered DNA and/or hemoglobin in cancer cells. This is done through identifying nine DNA biomarkers in three genes that have been found in colorectal cancer and precancerous advanced adenomas. People identified as positive with this test are advised to undergo a colonoscopy.

 

Prevention:

  • Early detection and removal of precancerous colorectal polyps before they turn into cancerous. Even in cases where cancer has already developed, early detection still significantly improves the chances of a cure by surgically removing the cancerous polyps before the disease spreads to other organs. Screening has the potential to reduce colorectal cancer deaths by 60%.
  • Regular physical activity is associated with lower risk of colon cancer, but not rectal cancer.
  • Current dietary recommendations to prevent colorectal cancer include increasing the consumption of whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and reducing the intake of red meat.
  • Use of medications such as aspirin also appears to lower the risk of colon cancer. The use of combined estrogen and progesteronein hormone replacement therapy lowers the risk of colon cancer in postmenopausal women.

 

Management: Depends on various factors, including the person’s health and preferences and most importantly the stage of the tumor. When colorectal cancer is caught early, surgery can be curative however, when it is detected at later stages this is less expected and the treatment is often directed at palliation, to relieve symptoms caused by the tumor and keep the person as comfortable as possible.

  • Surgery: If the cancer is detected at a very early stage, it may be removed during a colonoscopy. This can either be done by an open laparotomy or sometimes laparoscopically. The colon may then be reconnected or a person may have a colostomy. Robotic surgery, where a surgeon sits at a control panel and operates very precise robotic arms to perform the surgery. This type of surgery is also being studied to see if it is effective as standard surgery.
  • Chemotherapy: In colon and rectum cancer, chemotherapy can be used in addition to surgery in certain cases. The decision to add chemotherapy in management depends on the stage of the disease. New ways to combine drugs already known to be active against colorectal cancer, such as irinotecan and oxaliplatin, to improve their effectiveness.
  • Radiation therapy: Patients who have previously been treated with chemotherapy, there is evidence that selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) can prolong time to progression of non-resectable colorectal metastases in the liver.Radiotherapy decreases 50% of recurrence of rectal cancer, improves quality of life and increases survival by 6-12 months for patients with advanced disease.
  • Palliative care: Palliative care is medical care which focuses on treatment of symptoms with serious illness for improving the quality of life. It is recommended for a person who has advanced colon cancer.

 

Latest in Colon Cancer Research

Current research into cancer immunology may lead to advances in gene therapy and prognostic markers may be useful in identifying those tumors with a high recurrence rate:

  • Colorectalpolyps and tumors can release cells and DNA into the bloodstream as well as into stool. Researchers are studying whether the presence of an altered geneSEPT9 in blood can be used to screen for early-stage colorectal cancer.
  • New approaches which avoid the need for thorough cleansing of the colon, required for ‘virtual colonoscopy’, are being studied and developed. One approach is ‘fecal tagging’ with a contrast agent that is ingested over several days before the procedure. This technique is known as electronic cleansing (EC) which allows fecal material in the colon to be differentiated from colon tissue and aids in removing fecal material that is tagged by the agent.
  • Following lab tests OncotypeDx™ Colon Cancer Assay, ColoPrint™, and ColDx™ were developed to help predict the recurrence of colorectal cancer even after treatment.
  • Colorectal cancers that have gene changes known as microsatellite instability (MSI) have been found to be more likely to respond to the anti-PD-1 drug pembrolizumab (Keytruda®). A large phase II registration study (KEYNOTE-164) is ongoing to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab based on MSI status in patients with previously treated advanced colorectal cancers, and a phase III study (KEYNOTE-177) in a treatment naive patient population is also planned.

 

Did You Know?

  • March is colon cancer awareness month and doctors across the country are trying to remind patients the importance of screening for cancer.
  • As per WHO, colon cancer is the third most common cancer in men (10.0% of the total) and the second in women (9.2% of the total) worldwide.
  • Colon cancer risk is tied to red meat consumption. European study reported that 478,000 men and women found those who ate about five or more ounces of red meat per day were about 33% more risk to develop colon cancer.
  • Research has shown that aspirin, fish oils, aloe vera garlic, ginger and vitamin D have strong protective influence. All these should be in your diet.
  • Japanese research has strongly implicated salt as a major cause. Doubling your salt intake doubles your risk.
  • It is the second leading cause of cancer-relatedmortality in the United States. In 2014, 136,830 individuals were newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 50,310 colorectal cancer deaths in the United States.
  • Over the past decade, colorectal cancerincidence and mortality rates have decreased in all racial/ethnic populations except American Indians/Alaska Natives.
  • The incidence rates of cancer in men and women are similar <40 years’ age and at and above age 40 years, rates are higher in men.

World Glaucoma Week

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World Glaucoma Week (March 6-12, 2016) : Be Informed, Be Safe

Each year the World Glaucoma Association (WGA) and the World Glaucoma Patient Association (WGPA) come together to raise awareness about Glaucoma across the world. This joint initiative of WGA and WGPA is marked as “World Glaucoma Week” which is observed from March 6-12 each year worldwide.

What is Glaucoma?

‘Glaucoma’ is a group of progressive optic neuropathies that damage the optic nerve thereby resulting in degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, vision impairment, and blindness. Though unusually high intraocular pressure is been identified as the most common cause for glaucoma, yet this may not always be the case. The two most prevalent types of glaucoma are primary open-angle glaucoma (diagnosed in 90% of cases) and closed angle glaucoma. The common symptom of open angle glaucoma is a gradual loss of peripheral vison (generally in both eyes) which progresses to having a tunnel vision. Whereas, eye pain, blurred vision, nausea and vomiting, vision issues in low light, halos around light sources and red eyes are the common symptoms of closed angle glaucoma.

What is the Global Burden of Glaucoma?

Worrisome is the fact that most of the time onset of glaucoma (particularly in open angle glaucoma) are asymptomatic and disease go unnoticed by patients and healthcare professionals until it progresses to advance stages. Due to the silent nature of the disease, glaucoma is often labelled as ‘silent thief of sight’. It is worth mentioning that, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally, after cataract. The silent nature of the disease and rapid progression adds up to the global prevalence of glaucoma. In the year 2010, about 60 million people were found to be affected by glaucoma globally, and it is expected that the toll will rise up to 79 million people worldwide by 2020.

Who is at risk of having Glaucoma?

Even though glaucoma can affect any individual, but the risk increases if the individual is; over 60 years of age, have a family history of glaucoma, African Americans or Mexican American, uses steroids, have diabetes, high blood pressure and hypothyroidism, and other eye conditions.

What are the treatment Options?

Treatment of glaucoma varies according to the type of glaucoma, patient history, and advancement of the condition. Usually, the healthcare professional may prescribe medical interventions like; prostaglandins, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, cholinergic or miotic agents, and alpha-adrenergic agents to relive intraocular pressure. Surgery is considered as therapeutic options if the drugs are not well-tolerated by the patient or if drugs fail to stop the progression of the disease. In such cases, healthcare professionals opt for surgeries like; trabeculoplasy, viscocanalostomy, and aqueous shunt implant.

What are the Preventive Measures?

Even though glaucoma cannot be prevented, but early screening and management of symptoms do reduces the advancement of disease and chances of having a complication. Proper awareness about the disease increases the chances of glaucoma getting a screening in its earlier stage thereby helping healthcare professionals in the timely management of the condition and preserving eyesight of the patient. Regular eye check-ups are recommended in the high risk group. It is also recommended that an individual should immediately consult a health care professional if anything unusual is observed in vision.

What should be done to Spread Awareness about Glaucoma?

‘Awareness is the first step for prevention’, and spreading awareness about glaucoma is anticipated to considerably lower the global burden of disease and associated blindness. World Glaucoma Week is one such initiative to aware masses about glaucoma.  The World Glaucoma Association (WGA) and the World Glaucoma Patient Association (WGPA) runs a week long awareness campaign to make people aware about the disease. It is recommended that healthcare professionals should involve their glaucoma patients as they organize a screening event in their local institute/hospital, should give a lecture to a patient support group, should participate in radio & TV shows to talk about glaucoma and to answer questions, and should contact newspapers to publish information about glaucoma. Additionally, all the health care professional are also suggested to run public health campaigns, eye checks up camps, and patient education classes for the high risk group. As a member of healthcare industry, we all should actively take up the responsibility to spread awareness about glaucoma in our own way. Remember to be informed is to be safe!

World Kidney Day – Kidney Disease & Children Act Early to Prevent It!

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World Kidney Day (WKD) is a joint initiative of the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations (IFKF). The first campaign was initiated ten years ago. Since then, the day is observed every year to raise public awareness of kidney diseases which affect millions of people worldwide, including children who may be at risk of kidney disease at an early age.

Fast Facts:

  • 10% of the global population is affected by kidney disease, and it claims the lives of millions of people each year.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) develops in children when red blood cells are destroyed and block the kidneys’ filtering system, or due to trauma such as burns, dehydration, bleeding, injury or surgery.
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children can be caused by birth defects.
  • A person can lose up to 90% of kidney function before experiencing any signs of CKD.
  • From birth to age 4, birth defects and hereditary diseases are the leading causes of kidney failure.
  • The majority of children with kidney disease progress to end-stage kidney diseases in adulthood.

Mission Statement

The mission of World Kidney Day is to educate people about the importance of our kidneys to our health and to reduce the frequency of kidney disease and its associated health problems worldwide.

Kidney Disease & Children. Act Early to Prevent It

This year’s World Kidney Day campaign emphasizes the importance of following kidney function and blood pressure in children and babies. Kidney disease can affect children in various ways, ranging from treatable disorders without long-term consequences to life-threatening conditions. It is our responsibility to encourage education, early detection and a healthy lifestyle in children, starting at birth and continuing through to old age, to combat the increase of preventable kidney damage including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to treat children with inborn and acquired disorders of the kidney.

Objectives of World Kidney Day

  • Raise awareness about our “amazing kidneys”
  • Highlight that diabetes and high blood pressure are key risk factors for CKD
  • Encourage preventive behaviors and systematic screening of all patients with diabetes and hypertension for CKD
  • Educate all the doctors and health care professionals about their key role in detecting and reducing the risk of CKD, particularly in high risk populations
  • Emphasize the important role of local and national health authorities in controlling the CKD epidemic.

What can you do for your kidneys?

Kidney diseases are silent killers and largely affect the quality of life. There are a few easy ways to reduce the risk of developing kidney disease.

  • Keep fit and active: Physical activities and exercises help you to keep fit. This will reduce your blood pressure and therefore reduces the risk of Chronic Kidney Disease.
  • Check your blood sugar level: People who have diabetes are more likely to develop kidney damage, so it is important for all to have regular tests for blood sugar level to check their kidney functions. Kidney damage from diabetes can be reduced or prevented if detected early. Keeping control of blood sugar levels with the help of doctors or pharmacists is very important.
  • Monitor your blood pressure: High blood pressure is also the most common cause of kidney damage. High blood pressure is especially likely to cause kidney damage when associated with other factors like diabetes, high cholesterol and Cardio- Vascular Diseases. The normal blood pressure level is 120/80. Between this level and 139/89, you are considered pre-hypertensive. At 140/90 and above, you need to consult your doctor and monitor your blood pressure level regularly.
  • Eat healthy and keep your weight under control: This can help many conditions associated with Chronic Kidney Disease such as diabetes and heart diseases. Reduce your salt intake. The recommended sodium intake is 5-6 grams of salt per day (around a teaspoon). Limit the amount of processed and restaurant food and do not add salt to food. Prepare the food yourself with fresh ingredients.
  • Maintain a healthy fluid intake: To maintain good health, one should consume 1.5 to 2 litres of water per day. Consuming plenty of fluid helps the kidneys clear sodium, urea and toxins from the body which, in turn, results in a “significantly lower risk” of developing chronic kidney disease. Moderately increased water intake may reduce the risk of decline in kidney function. The right level of fluid intake for any individual depends on many factors including gender, exercise, climate, health conditions, pregnancy and breast feeding. People who have had a kidney stone are advised to drink 2 to 3 litres of water daily to lessen the risk of forming a new stone.
  • Quit smoking: Smoking slows the flow of blood to the kidneys, which impairs their function Smoking increases the risk of kidney cancer by about 50 percent.
  • Do not take over-the-counter pills on a regular basis: Common drugs such non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen are known to cause kidney dysfunction if taken regularly. Such medications probably do not pose significant danger if your kidneys are relatively healthy and you use them for emergencies only, but if you are dealing with chronic pain, such as arthritis or back pain, ask your doctor to control your pain without putting your kidney at risk.